Constructivist Curriculum Framework for Maths and Science

Constructivist Curriculum Framework for Maths and apprehensionThrough investigating his world, a child uses natural crotchet to formulate theories and construct knowledge. Incorporating big ideas into the curriculum, instructors bathroom engage children as they conk out a deeper understanding of concepts that atomic number 18 related (Chaill Davis, 2016). get along domiciliateing childrens instruction, assessments are crucial in formulating instruction, and understanding what a child knows and tush do. A culmination of the aforementioned strategies leave behind be discussed, in congenator to the constructivist skill theory.Constructivism TheoryConstructivism learning theory is a philosophy which enhances students rational and conceptual growth. The basic premise within constructivism, is the function experiences, or connections, play in a childs learning. In an try on to understand his world, a child reflects on his experiences to build new knowledge (Chaill Davis, 2 016). A child is an active participant in creating knowledge. When he encounters more or lessthing new, he reconciles it with introductory ideas, abandons irrelevant fall inment, and generates new knowledge. Constructivism does not dismiss the crucial role teachers play in facilitating learning. Teachers are instrumental in creating the learning environment, as well as opportunities for theory-building through utilizing big ideas (Chaill Davis, 2016). Through the guidance of an expert, a child is encouraged to learn at a higher level.Theory-Building in Young ChildrenThe constructivists approach views children with a natural desire to understand his or her world. To comprehend, a child develops theories, seeks the theories, and constructs new knowledge based on the results and what he already knows While teaching a unit on animals, students became particularly participationed in penguins, and why they crap wings but do not fly. The teacher decides to completelyow the children to further explore penguins as part of a research unit. The children discover that penguins use their wings to swim, and are excellent swimmers. This discovery prompted some students to develop a theory that all in all animals with wings are good swimmers. The teacher schedules a tour to the local zoo to observe several(prenominal) winged animals some of which who swim, and some who do not. During the visit, students had several questions approximately particularized animals, and began to understand that not all animals who have wings can swim. The children initially retrieved all animals with wings can fly. After learning that penguins have wings, but use them to swim, the students understood that not all animals with wings can fly. They then adjust their thinking again to believe all animals with wings can swim. Through this process of theory-building, the students constructed new knowledge about winged animals.Big Ideas in InstructionBuilding on topics that interest children , big ideas provide social organisation that promote further learning (Chaill Davis, 2016). Utilizing big ideas, children develop a curiosity about concepts, and are better able to make believe sense of another(prenominal)wise uninvolved facts. Learning concepts that are connected to an overarching idea, dungeon more comprehensive understanding (Chaill Davis, 2016). A big idea that can be used in the earlier childhood classroom, is the big idea relationships. Engaging students through the study of community helpers, and how they can help them, could encompass dissimilar areas of the curriculum. euphony can be corporal as songs are sung about various community helper jobs. Exploring community helper vehicles, students would have the opportunity to physique small toy vehicles match to characteristics, or finger paint a picture of the vehicles. These activities promote fine motor skills. An art component can besides be integrated, as children draw, or finger paint picture s of the vehicle that are used to help the community. Playing various helpers jobs, could create opportunities for children to explore and discover how various incisions are used to do the jobs. This can also invite discussion about the exchange of goods or services. Through play, children will interact with each other and the environment, developing interest in the big ideas that frame them (Chaill Davis, 2016). Music and movement can be incorporated as children sing songs about the helpers, and pretend to do each job.Assessing Math and ScienceAssessments should support a childs learning of maths and science concepts. Appropriate assessment methods are vital to evaluating what a child has knowing, and forming afterlife instruction. When assessing young childrens conceptual using in math and science, educators must consider the course of development for each child, as well as his or her goal and background (Chaill Davis, 2016). Evaluation of the skills learned by young chil dren must rely upon practices that fit expected learning skills and behavior for their stage, and adjust as appropriate to support growth and development. Posing specific open-ended questions, assessments should be conducted in various settings, including whole group, and one on one situations to acquire an actual picture of the childs comprehension of concepts (Chaill Davis, 2016).Assessment Guides InstructionThe general objective of assessments, is to assist teachers in making appropriate instructional decisions regarding how to best teach children. Each childs learning should be assessed as part of an ongoing motorbike of planning, documenting, and evaluation. Following, or during instruction, an assessment is conducted and analyzed to formulate decisions to re-teach, offer further support, or proceed with the current plan (Chaill Davis, 2016).Assessment bread and butterDocumentation includes, gathering and analyzing discipline about childrens knowledge and is vital to the process of assessing childrens learning. Through various types of authentication, evidence of a childs though process is preserved to support the teachers analysis (Chaill Davis, 2016).Two forms of documentation that support assessments are, recording comments of children as they work and, compiling a defend of childrens illustrations (Chaill Davis, 2016). Recording children, and their conversation while working, provides significant information regarding the learning and thought process. As children are encouraged to make representations of their learning, and provided with the tools necessary, they can represent their understanding of a concept (Chaill Davis, 2016). The finished product can be compiled into a class book and serve as documentation of their learning. Both methods are useful when discussing progress with the child, or with families.Interviewing for AssessmentConsisting of four main parts, the pliable interview allows the child to sidestep materials as he or sh e explains their thought process (Chaill Davis, 2016). This method gives the teacher insight into the childs thinking Conducting an interview is an effective tool to assess childrens understanding of math and science concepts. Interviewing gathers valuable information that will aid the teacher in understanding the childs thinking, and plan effective lessons that meet the call for of each child (Chaill Davis, 2016). cultureThe constructivist approach focuses on a child constructing learning based on his experiences. Because of his desire to comprehend the world, a child will build and apply theories to develop understanding, resulting in the formation of new learning. The teacher can aid children in learning at a higher level, by implementing big ideas in the curriculum. Assessments are also instrumental in promoting a childs learning. Assessments in math and science can inform a teacher about what the child knows and can do. In the absence of assessments, teaching would be compri sed of lessons and activities that move forward, whether they make sense, or a child understands or not. Through assessment, and documentation, instruction is hypothecate to meet the needs of all children.ReferencesChaill, C., Davis, S. M. (2016). Integrating math and science in early childhood classrooms through big ideas A constructivist approach. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Education, Inc.Through investigating his world, a child uses natural curiosity to formulate theories and construct knowledge. Incorporating big ideas into the curriculum, teachers can engage children as they develop a deeper understanding of concepts that are related (Chaill Davis, 2016). Further supporting childrens learning, assessments are crucial in formulating instruction, and understanding what a child knows and can do. A culmination of the aforementioned strategies will be discussed, in relation to the constructivist learning theory.Constructivism TheoryConstructivism learning theory is a philosop hy which enhances students rational and conceptual growth. The basic premise within constructivism, is the function experiences, or connections, play in a childs learning. In an attempt to understand his world, a child reflects on his experiences to build new knowledge (Chaill Davis, 2016). A child is an active participant in creating knowledge. When he encounters something new, he reconciles it with previous ideas, abandons irrelevant information, and generates new knowledge. Constructivism does not dismiss the crucial role teachers play in facilitating learning. Teachers are instrumental in creating the learning environment, as well as opportunities for theory-building through utilizing big ideas (Chaill Davis, 2016). Through the guidance of an expert, a child is encouraged to learn at a higher level.Theory-Building in Young ChildrenThe constructivists approach views children with a natural desire to understand his or her world. To comprehend, a child develops theories, explores the theories, and constructs new knowledge based on the results and what he already knows While teaching a unit on animals, students became particularly interested in penguins, and why they have wings but do not fly. The teacher decides to allow the children to further explore penguins as part of a research unit. The children discover that penguins use their wings to swim, and are excellent swimmers. This discovery prompted some students to develop a theory that all animals with wings are good swimmers. The teacher schedules a tour to the local zoo to observe several winged animals some of which who swim, and some who do not. During the visit, students had several questions about specific animals, and began to understand that not all animals who have wings can swim. The children initially believed all animals with wings can fly. After learning that penguins have wings, but use them to swim, the students understood that not all animals with wings can fly. They then adjust their thin king again to believe all animals with wings can swim. Through this process of theory-building, the students constructed new knowledge about winged animals.Big Ideas in InstructionBuilding on topics that interest children, big ideas provide structure that promote further learning (Chaill Davis, 2016). Utilizing big ideas, children develop a curiosity about concepts, and are better able to make sense of otherwise isolated facts. Learning concepts that are connected to an overarching idea, support more comprehensive understanding (Chaill Davis, 2016). A big idea that can be used in the early childhood classroom, is the big idea relationships. Engaging students through the study of community helpers, and how they can help them, could encompass various areas of the curriculum. Music can be incorporated as songs are sung about various community helper jobs. Exploring community helper vehicles, students would have the opportunity to sort small toy vehicles according to characteristics, or finger paint a picture of the vehicles. These activities promote fine motor skills. An art component can also be integrated, as children draw, or finger paint pictures of the vehicle that are used to help the community. Playing various helpers jobs, could create opportunities for children to explore and discover how various tools are used to perform the jobs. This can also invite discussion about the exchange of goods or services. Through play, children will interact with each other and the environment, developing interest in the big ideas that frame them (Chaill Davis, 2016). Music and movement can be incorporated as children sing songs about the helpers, and pretend to do each job.Assessing Math and ScienceAssessments should support a childs learning of math and science concepts. Appropriate assessment methods are vital to evaluating what a child has learned, and forming future instruction. When assessing young childrens conceptual development in math and science, educators mu st consider the course of development for each child, as well as his or her culture and background (Chaill Davis, 2016). Evaluation of the skills learned by young children must rely upon practices that fit expected learning skills and behavior for their stage, and adjust as appropriate to support growth and development. Posing specific open-ended questions, assessments should be conducted in various settings, including whole group, and one on one situations to acquire an actual picture of the childs comprehension of concepts (Chaill Davis, 2016).Assessment Guides InstructionThe overall objective of assessments, is to assist teachers in making appropriate instructional decisions regarding how to best teach children. Each childs learning should be assessed as part of an ongoing cycle of planning, documenting, and evaluation. Following, or during instruction, an assessment is conducted and analyzed to formulate decisions to re-teach, offer further support, or proceed with the current plan (Chaill Davis, 2016).Assessment DocumentationDocumentation includes, gathering and analyzing information about childrens knowledge and is vital to the process of assessing childrens learning. Through various types of documentation, evidence of a childs though process is preserved to support the teachers analysis (Chaill Davis, 2016).Two forms of documentation that support assessments are, recording comments of children as they work and, compiling a book of childrens illustrations (Chaill Davis, 2016). Recording children, and their conversation while working, provides significant information regarding the learning and thought process. As children are encouraged to make representations of their learning, and provided with the tools necessary, they can represent their understanding of a concept (Chaill Davis, 2016). The finished product can be compiled into a class book and serve as documentation of their learning. Both methods are useful when discussing progress with the chi ld, or with families.Interviewing for AssessmentConsisting of four main parts, the flexible interview allows the child to manipulate materials as he or she explains their thought process (Chaill Davis, 2016). This method gives the teacher insight into the childs thinking Conducting an interview is an effective tool to assess childrens understanding of math and science concepts. Interviewing gathers valuable information that will aid the teacher in understanding the childs thinking, and plan effective lessons that meet the needs of each child (Chaill Davis, 2016).ConclusionThe constructivist approach focuses on a child constructing learning based on his experiences. Because of his desire to comprehend the world, a child will build and apply theories to develop understanding, resulting in the formation of new learning. The teacher can aid children in learning at a higher level, by implementing big ideas in the curriculum. Assessments are also instrumental in promoting a childs learn ing. Assessments in math and science can inform a teacher about what the child knows and can do. In the absence of assessments, teaching would be comprised of lessons and activities that move forward, whether they make sense, or a child understands or not. Through assessment, and documentation, instruction is formulated to meet the needs of all children.ReferencesChaill, C., Davis, S. M. (2016). Integrating math and science in early childhood classrooms through big ideas A constructivist approach. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Education, Inc.

Dreams in Young Goodman Brown and in the Life of Its Author Essay

Dreams in Young Goodman Brown and in the Life of Its Author The entire allegory of Young Goodman Brown is incoroporated into a dream, depending on the readers interpretation of the Hawthorne tale. In his own life Hawthorne had dreams and made personal use of them. In 1847 Edgar Allan Poe, reviewing Hawthornes tales in Tale-Writing A Review for Godeys Ladys Book, has this to asseverate about his dreamy approach to writing Now, my own opinion of him is, that although his walk is limited and he is fairly to be charged with mannerism, treating all subjects in a similar tone of dreamy innuendo italics mine, yet in this walk he evinces extraordinary genius, having no rival either in America or elsewhere and this opinion I have never heard gainsaid by any one literary person in the country Hawthornes dreamy approach to life began at a very young age, as mentioned by James Russell Lowell in Hawthorne in A Fable For Critics (1848). His mind genuine itself intentional cultivation mig ht have spoiled it.... He used to invent long stories, wild and fanciful, and tell where he was going when he grew up, and of the wonderful adventures he was to meet with, always ending with, And I m never coming back again, in quite a solemn tone, that enjoined upon us the advice to value him the more(prenominal) while he stayed with us. Young Goodman Brown opens with the young Puritan husband leaving his wife for the evening so that he can secretly attending a witches meeting in the middle of the forest. As he leaves the house Dearest heart, whispered she, softly and rather sadly, when her lips were close to his ear, prythee, put off your tour until sunrise, and sleep i... ...-oriented that his philosophy of life includes dream imagery. WORKS CITED Benoit, Raymond. Young Goodman Brown The Second Time Around. The Nathaniel Hawthorne Review 19 (Spring 1993) 18-21. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Complete Short Stories of Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York Doubleday and Co., Inc.,1959. 247-56. James, Henry. Hawthorne. http//eldred.ne.mediaone.net/nh/nhhj1.html Lowell, James Russell. Hawthorne. In A Fable For Critics. 1848. http//eldred.ne.mediaone.net/nh/fable.html Martin, Terence. Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York Twayne Publishers Inc., 1965. Poe, Edgar Allan. Tale-Writing A Review. In Godeys Ladys Book, November, 1847, no. 35, pp. 252-6. http//eldred.ne.mediaone.net/nh/nhpoe2.html Wagenknecht, Edward. Nathaniel Hawthorne The Man, His Tales and Romances. New York Continuum Publishing Co., 1989.

Marketing changes :: essays research papers

There pay been many significant changes within our society. One of this is the changing gender roles within our society and another is the changing attitudes toward health & fitness. Both of these have impacted on consumer preferences or buying habits.Gender roles argon no longer as accurate as it once was. There is now a trend of reserved roles. This is repayable to the continued growth in a number of dual income households. There has been an increase of women in the workforce in the fast few years.Women in the paid workforce spend less cartridge clip shopping than the stay at home women. They tend to shop in the evenings and on weekends due to their busy schedules. They tend to swap stores which they shop in due to stratagem. This happens due to the time constraints but still earning an income they are less likely to be price conscious. The works women are more likely to purchase convenience foods and products and they tend to be brand and store loyal.In this current society women have different material (clothing) needs to the stay at home women versus the working women.Males are now also more involved in purchasing household products. Some men now do their shopping via the internet sort of than physically enter the stores. Because they use this type of method it is harder to record their purchasing habits. They have moved away from traditional roles. Women are now taking a greater role in deciding which products to buy. Buying decisions have moved away from being male/husband denominated to become automatic. i.e. many families now have two cars and they tend to make their purchase decision separate.Direct marketers are now targeting time pressured women who use catalogues, telesales and internet sites as ways of shopping whitethorn it be for clothing as well as household and family needs. They have also used this method to target men who now also do the shopping. Marketers who are aware of this change have developed changes to their product design an d advertising appeal/styles. Some advertisements have been positive and some offending. I.e. Detergent Ads.Marketers are increasingly attempting to cash in on the belief that men are getting in touch with their feminine side.Many businesses have now marketed their work/ products to suit these changing gender roles. One of this is restaurants. Plenty of them now offer home delivery service. There is also an increase in takeaway stores provide for these busy men and women.

Oppression of Native Americans Essay examples -- history, craniology,

Two-hundred years ago, there was a scientific study on the brains of Native Americans called the craniology and phrenology. The Europeans examined only indigenous peoples heads and were command to use any Europeans brains. The Europeans did three experiments, such as decapitating the tops of the heads and filling them with sand to see if their brains were smaller than blacks. The Europeans also looked at the drum and said that if the bones were in a certain way (such as natives cheek bones being up higher) the person was thought to be stupid. The be experiment the Europeans did to American Indians was that they had a small devise that they would put on the head and it would slice the brain open. There would be an award for retrieving a manfuls brain that was five cents. By retrieving a womans brain the price would be three cents, and lastly a childs brain which would be two cents. This is when the term redskin was invented (Poupart, 2014).Although we often remember First Nation c ommunities by their history of oppression by the Europeans, as schematic above, present day communities are defined much differently. The Anishinabeg are an independent, non-interference independent nation and they follow their bear rules by oral traditions. They are also a nation who were oppressed, exploited, and also misunderstood by non-Native Americans. When asked about the definition of a sovereign nation, Selma Buckwheat (September 25, 2013), elder member of the Anishinabeg tribe, explains by stating, We govern ourselves and have our own laws (personal communication). They have a lot of meetings that help understand most of the sovereign nations. In other words, a sovereign nation is power or a territory existing as an independent s... ...governments policies. The changes of the 1900s influenced many people such as historians, writers, film-makers, and other non-Native-Americans, causing them to view Indians in an progressively sympathetic way. The non-Native Americans p erceived Indians as a historically-oppressed minority who were victimized by imperial conquests and were dignified as peace-loving people in a sovereign nation.Works CitedPoupart, L. (2014, October 16). First Nations Studies Social Justice. University of Wisconsin Green-Bay.Loew, P. (2001). Indian Nations of Wisconsin histories of endurance and renewal. Madison, WI Wisconsin Historical Society Press.Mihesuah, D. (1996). American Indians stereotypes and realities. Atlanta Clarity Press.Poupart, L. (2000). Ojibwe Women of the Western Great Lakes. Retrieved from D2L.https//uwgb.courses.wisconsin.edu/d2l/

Essay --

Vivian NguyenAmicangelo 8Celtics 22 February 2014 JOSEPH STALINJoseph Stalin was a gentleman who many people had mixed feelings for. Some formulate he was a dictator and a tyrant, but otherwises say that as a ruler, he mold Russia and pushed it in the right direction. Both sides are correct, and in that respect are many examples to back them up. Stalin did accomplish benefiting Russias image, but he was a man who killed many.Stalin was born(p) as Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili (later became Joseph Stalin) on December 18, 1879 and his parents were Besarion Jughashvili (father) and Ketevan Geladze ( bewilder). When he was young, his father, Beso, had vanquish his mother and him several times. They had a troublesome marriage and often argued about Stalins future. His mother cherished him to be a priest because she thought he was smart, so she did eve rything to get him a good education. His father wanted him to be a cobbler, and said that since he Stalins father was a cobbler, Stalin would follow the family job and deform a cobbler. Fortunately, Stalins mother defeated her husband and she even humiliated him. Stalin ended up doing what his mother wanted-- for a while (Radzinsky 17-31).Stalin is a very elicit man who always changed how he thought of everybody (he also called himself Stalin because stalin means steel) (Montefiore 30 Young Stalin).He had a ample effect on Russia in a fully grown way. When Stalin used to work with Lenin and Trotsky, it wasnt a competition of who was the best and who should control the country of Russia, but indeed it all changed. After that, he got people to hand against them and got rid of t... ...lowing him. Another reason was identity. Napoleon only checked Stalin, and that really brought out his characteristics. Since Napoleon was meant to represent Stalin, all of Stalins traits, mo st of his bad deeds, and events occurred in the book. For example, in Animal Farm, Orwell make Snowball have the appearance _or_ semblance smarter than Napoleon, but made Napoleon more powerful. This is align in real life because Lenin was a tie more educated than Stalin, but Stalin ended up with the power (Radinsky 97)Although Stalin had been tyrannical and crazy, he made Russia seem stronger, and is still seen as a good person today. Many people look at him like he was a murderous person, but other look at him as the man who made Russia better. He was a great leader, in a way, but that only depends on what the Russians believed in, and whether or not they (or someone they know) worked for Stalin. Essay -- Vivian NguyenAmicangelo 8Celtics 22 February 2014 JOSEPH STALINJoseph Stalin was a man who many people had mixed feelings for. Some s ay he was a dictator and a tyrant, but others say that as a ruler, he shaped Russia and pushed it in the right direction. Both sides are correct, and there are many examples to back them up. Stalin did accomplish benefiting Russias image, but he was a man who killed many.Stalin was born as Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili (later became Joseph Stalin) on December 18, 1879 and his parents were Besarion Jughashvili (father) and Ketevan Geladze (mother). When he was young, his father, Beso, had beaten his mother and him several times. They had a troublesome marriage and often argued about Stalins future. His mother wanted him to be a priest because she thought he was smart, so she did everything to get him a good education. His father wanted him to be a cobbler, and said that since he Stalins father was a cobbler, Stalin would follow the family job and become a cobbler. Fortunately, Stalins mother defeated her husband and she even humiliated him. Stalin ended up doing what his mother w anted-- for a while (Radzinsky 17-31).Stalin is a very interesting man who always changed how he thought of everybody (he also called himself Stalin because stalin means steel) (Montefiore 30 Young Stalin).He had a huge effect on Russia in a bad way. When Stalin used to work with Lenin and Trotsky, it wasnt a competition of who was the best and who should control the country of Russia, but then it all changed. After that, he got people to turn against them and got rid of t... ...lowing him. Another reason was identity. Napoleon only represented Stalin, and that really brought out his characteristics. Since Napoleon was meant to represent Stalin, all of Stalins traits, most of his bad deeds, and events occurred in the book. For example, in Animal Farm, Orwell made Snowball seem smarter than Napoleon, but made Napoleon more powerful. This is true in real life because Lenin was a lot more educated than Stalin, but Stalin ended up with the power (Radinsky 97)Although Stalin had be en tyrannical and crazy, he made Russia seem stronger, and is still seen as a good person today. Many people look at him like he was a murderous person, but other look at him as the man who made Russia better. He was a great leader, in a way, but that only depends on what the Russians believed in, and whether or not they (or someone they know) worked for Stalin.

An Internship and My Interest in Medicine Essay -- Medicine College Ad

Admissions Essay - An Internship and My Interest in Medicine How does a hospital run without adequate water to contrive X-ray films? What are the signs and symptoms of malaria? What is the most common cause of infant mortality worldwide? These are all questions to which I looked answers during my six-week clerkship in rural south-central Africa. That a well-rounded education is the mark of a true scholar is a belief I acquired from my high-school education, and in that spirit I flew off to generate and understand some of the important issues in the changing South African health care system. I learned more than I had anticipated was contingent and can easily conclude that studying abroad is one of the quickest, most memorable, and most enjoyable ways of broadening ones education. Furthermore, it teaches lessons that are not possible to learn at home. Tinswalo Hospital, where I worked, is small. The number of hospital beds is approximately 92, and the faculty (consisting of doctors, nurses, pharmacists, translators, and administrators) is fewer than 200. The population that the hospital serves, on the other hand, is large - approaching 200,000. Although Nelson Mandela has been increasing establishment funds for this and other public hospitals, diagnostic and treatment supplies are scarce. Deciding how to distribute scarce resources among a large population is a common, complicated root word in African... ...p The world is becoming a smaller place. People are increasingly communicating across cultures and discovering how similar their problems are. These experiences encourage broad-mindedness. In addition to the conventional education, a physician studying abroad whitethorn become naturally interested in health care politics and the cultural aspects of disease developments, and may obtain a general global perspective. He or she also will learn that doctors bring their personal water from home to rural hospitals for growth X-rays in times of drough t that the most common symptoms of malaria are fever, nausea, and diarrhea and that diarrhea and dehydration are the most common causes of infant mortality in the world.

OHare International Airport :: Chicago Airport

A plan to expand OHare International Airport has begun to look more than promising, butbackers of a proposed airport near Peotone express last week they dont expect the plan tochange the debate over a third airport. "Its still not going to add air capacity, and wont straighten by their long-range problem," saidDon Goff, chairman of the Third Airport Alliance. "I dont try it as any setback," he said of the plan to build more terminals and supply. Goff said that even if OHare expansion proponents later use the World Gateway projectto justify building more runways, a third airport result still be needed. "Theyre still going to have to build another airport," Goff said. But those who hope plans for an airport near rural Peotone will be scrapped see the planas a sign of hope. "Im very happy about that," said Jill Holzaepfel of Peotone, who said she hopes the planesand traffic stay close to the city. "I chose to live out here on the farmland,&quo t she said, adding that those who are impacted bymore noise and pollution at an expanding OHare chose to live near the airport. Some Peotone opponents propose expanding the airport in Gary, Ind., or building atanother site. The major(ip) airlines that serve OHare International Airport and city officials reached atentative agreement to move ahead with a $3.2 billion renovation at the worlds secondbusiest airport, a city spokeswoman said. Mayor Richard Daley has called the project the "World Gateway Program." It hasinvolved months of negotiations between the city and the two major carriers that serveOHare United Airlines and American Airlines. "Right now, we have an agreement in principle," Chicago Department of Aviationspokeswoman Monique Bond said Friday night. "We feel confident that were locomoteforward and we are pretty optimistic about the finality of the agreement." The renovation, which is expected to take eight years to complete, is expected to incre asethe number of boarding gates by at least 25 percent. It is also intended to increase thenumber of flights and make connections in and out of the airport smoother. "This is basically what we are doing to expose use the existing facility with moreefficiency," Bond said. She said the redesign will help accommodate the airlines increaseduse of larger planes, such as the Boeing 777. While Bond would not confirm the number of new gates involved, a report appearing innext weeks Crains Chicago Business cites sources long-familiar with the negotiations saying